Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins are families of apolipoproteins of high density lipoprotein (HDL). One group (SAA1, SAA2, and SAA3) consists of acute phase reactant whose expression level increase in the blood in a response to trauma, infection, inflammation, and neoplasia. These acute phase SAAs associates with HDL during inflammation and remodel the HDL particle by displacing Apo-A1 (1, 2). Thus, this protein plays an important role in HDL metabolism and cholesterol homeostasis. High levels of Serum amyloid A (SAA) are associated with chronic inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and Crohn's disease. This protein may also be a potential biomarker for certain tumors (3).
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