Glycogen synthase is an enzyme of the transferase class that catalyses the reaction of UDP-glucose and (1,4-a-D-glucosyl)n to yield UDP and (1,4-a-D-glucosyl)n+1 (1-2). This tetrameric enzyme is the rate-limiting step for glycogen synthesis (3). Glycogen concentrations are regulated by the complementary activities of glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase. Glycogen synthase activity is regulated by phosphorylation of serine residues and by insulin stimulation (4). Glycogen synthase is known to have two forms; the unphosphorylated and most active form, synthase-a, and the phosphorylated glucose-6-phosphate-dependent form, synthase-b.
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