Cytokeratin polypeptide 19 (CK19) is a type I intermediate filament protein that is expressed in stratified and simple-type epithelia (1). Cytokeratins 8 and 19 concentrate at costameres of striated muscle and copurify with the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, perhaps through the interaction of the cytokeratins with the actin-binding domain of dystrophin. Studies in COS-7 cells and in vitro showed that dystrophin binds directly and specifically to K19. Results show that dystrophin interacts through its actin-binding domain with CK19 specifically and are consistent with the idea that cytokeratins associate with dystrophin at the sarcolemma of striated muscle (2). CK19 is synthesized mainly in embryonic and adult simple epithelia, but has also been found in stratified epithelia as well. CK19 is the smallest known keratin and is remarkable in that, contrary to all other keratins, it does not have a designated partner for the formation of filaments, implying that regulation of its expression is different from other keratin-encoding genes (3).
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