Smad 2 is a member of the Mothers Against Dpp (MAD)-related family of proteins. So far, nine Smads have been identified and can be divided in 3 subgroups based on their structure and functions; pathway-restricted, common mediator and inhibitory Smad. Smad 2 and 3 serve as pathway-restricted Smads for the TGF-beta/activin signaling pathways (1-2). Smad 2 is phosphorylated by the TGF-beta type 1 receptor kinase on Ser 465 and Ser 467. Phosphorylation of both serines is essential for Smad 2-Smad4 heteromeric complex and dissociation of Smad 2 from the TGF-beta type 1 receptor (3). Once phosphorylated Smad2 translocate to the nucleus where it associates with DNA-binding proteins and forming a transcriptional complex (4). Unlike Smad 3 and 4, Smad 2 does not directly bind DNA (5).
Related Pathway
Adherens junction
Cell cycle
EGFR1 Signaling Pathway
TGF Beta Signaling Pathway
Wnt Signaling Pathway
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