Nudix hydrolases, such as NUDT5, eliminate toxic nucleotide derivatives from the cell and regulate the levels of important signaling nucleotides and their metabolites (1). NUDT5 belongs to the Nudix (nucleoside diphosphate linked to another moiety X) hydrolase superfamily of versatile enzymes that are defined by their consensus MutT signature. NUDT5 hydrolyzes 8-oxo-dGDP, 8-oxo-GDP, 8-oxo-dADP, 2-oxo-dADP and 5-CHO-dUDP into their corresponding nucleoside monophosphates and inorganic phosphates. Since 8-oxo-dGDP inhibits hMTH1 activity, the catalytic activity of hNUDT5 also results in the promotion of hMTH1 activity as well as in a reduction in the amount of 8-oxo-dGTP generated from 8-oxo-dGDP by nucleoside diphosphate kinase. Thus, NUDT5 has a role in preventing replicational and transcriptional errors in human cells (2).
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